*NOTE: This article is from Richard Dawkins's "Critique of Evolutionary Ethics: A Model" book. For more, see the book. We can consider that meme theses answer the following two questions in the affirmative, which is unique to this thesis...
Criticism of Dawkins's thesis in memes
*Note: This article is from the book Critique of Evolutionary Ethics: Richard Dawkins as a Model.
We can consider meme theses to answer the following two questions in the affirmative, which is unique to this thesis on cultural theses typical of the humanities:
Can culture be broken down into information units?
Do these information units copy (with acknowledgement of copy modifications)?
Fragmentation is impossible, and stems from the shorthand we have talked about, a philosophical fallacy that we will talk about in detail in the next chapter, and we will show that it is not the right way to represent culture, which is the most important criticism, but here we will present a model of the many objections made by anthropologists, who are undoubtedly aware of culture and how to study it from biologists, and will be satisfied with anthropology without the objections of sociology because they are more interested in the conceptions of memes.
Anthropologist Maurice Bloch argues that it becomes more difficult when we are exposed to more important and familiar phenomena such as the peasant’s traditional knowledge of the weather, as we seek the impossible if we are to demonstrate convincingly that this knowledge is composed of an already existing number of discrete units, how many are included in it? Is the belief that certain types of clouds are an indication of the possibility of a cold falling separate from the knowledge that cold destroys crops? Here memes scholars may be tempted to talk about “memes,” but they remain unable to delimit these memes as much as the memes themselves. We refer here as an example to the practice of concluding the main episodes of the rituals of the rainy season, which are practiced by people following the example of the predecessor, and because the harvest season begins only when the crops are dry, and we ask whether this represents a sanction of the meme of the weather or the meme of religion or the meme of naive nature or the social meme? That all these are connected and united in a giant meme?The answer to these questions can only come arbitrarily."
The social anthropologist Adam Cooper comments on Dawkins's statement: "The value of the survival of the meme of God in the repository of memes says that the difference between the results of its great psychological attractiveness, it provides humans with a superficial answer to deeply problematic questions about existence, and suggests to him that the injustices in our earthly world will be corrected in another world": This is a word that enters the door of the cliche, when presented by an article in a Sunday newspaper and passed to him. There is a special meme "God" and it remains because of its psychological appeal reminiscent of the idea of God's separateness from other religions, as well as the idea of God's separateness from other religions, where they are necessary to remove sleeping pills because of their sleep-inducing properties, but even if the memes are just ideas, and we work to identify ideas in a more specific way than Dawkins did in these examples, it is necessary not to treat them as separate units from each other.
This is in contrast to the old English anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski's assertion that any feature of life is performed "within a cultural whole, forming a coherent system of elements", and he criticized any approach to cultural phenomena that is reduced to features of self-assembly and self-description, without being understood in its overall format, stating: "In every culture every habit, every thing, every belief, every vital function, and function, and represents part of the organic whole, is irreplaceable."
As for the question: Do these information units copy or imitate with the recognition of the modifications of the copyist and its answer is controversial, and not as the proponents of memes argue affirmatively, but regardless of our personal position on the question of whether the models or classifications of human (Categorization) is innate or socially acquired is a matter of great controversy, and the meme view may resolve this issue with evidence, not just delivery, because To construct a mental perception of the individual receiving this information, these perceptual predispositions are responsible for forming individual mental perceptions, and for recombining them into general mental perceptions shared by the group"[5] or self-physically as George Lakoff goes so they are of the body itself not a simulation, and in both cases the individual is a major actor in the culture and not just a vector, and the social action is "exciting" to the physical predisposition and not the "matory".
The bottom line: Human culture is an indivisible whole, either that man acquired it self and was involved in its construction and therefore the memes of Dawkins are incorrect or deficient at best, or that man inherited it socially in a non-genetic way, and the memes of Dawkins and the new memes did not succeed in explaining the origin of these memes, to add this socially inherited information to the normal genetic information characteristic of the organism, which the doctor could not.
[1] For more on sociologists' criticism of memes, see: The meme of Muna Abboud, pp. 448 450.
[2] Culture from a Darwinian Perspective, pp. 235 236.
[3] Culture from a Darwinian Perspective, p.219.
[4] Dennis Koch, The Concept of Culture in the Social Sciences, The Arab Organization for Translation, translated by Mounir Al-Saedani, p.57
[5] Mime, pp. 454.
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Next thing.
- Reza Zeidan.
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Source: Brahin Center website - Published on 2019-12-12 (archived at the Internet Archive)
https://braheen.com/articles/ethics/نقد-أطروحة-دوكينز-في-الميمات